Michael Cher
Chief of Urology, Karmanos Cancer Center Dr. Donald J. and Dorothy Jaffar Endowed Professor of Urology Professor and Chair, Department of Urology - Wayne State University - School of Medicine
Michael Cher
Office Address
Academic Office:
Wayne State University - School of Medicine
4201 St. Antoine, UHC-7C
Detroit, MI 48201
Phone: (313) 577-5222
Fax: (313) 577-5217
Click here for patient appointments
Education Training
- Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA: B.S. in Chemistry, 1982
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO: M.D., 1986
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 1986-88: General Surgery Internship/Residency.
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 1988-92: Urology Residency.
- University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, 1992-1995: Urologic Oncology Fellowship.
Clinical Interests
Minimally Invasive Approaches to Cancer Treatment
I am particularly interested in minimally invasive treatments for prostate cancer and kidney cancer. For prostate cancer, these approaches include robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, targeted cryoablation of the prostate, focal cryoablation of the prostate, and radioactive seed implantation to the prostate (brachytherapy). For kidney cancer, these approaches include laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, robotic nephroureterectomy, robotic partial nephrectomy, and laparoscopic cryoablation of renal tumors. We have a particular interest in partial nephrectomy--our goal is to remove the tumor and preserve as much normal renal tissue as possible. All of these approaches offer cancer removal or destruction, quick recovery, limited damage to normal tissues, and few side effects.
Urologic Oncology
I also specialize in all other aspects of urologic oncology including cancer of the adrenal gland, kidney cancer, ureteral cancer, bladder cancer, urethral cancer, testis cancer, and penile cancer. My goal is to provide individualized cancer treatments to all patients. In making treatment decisions, it is important to take into account not only the disease stage and tumor grade, but also many other factors such as overall patient health and the particular advantages and disadvantages of various treatment options and procedures. I strive to offer all of the available state-of-the-art treatment options for the various cancers and feel it is critical to involve the patient in the decision-making process.
Multi-Disciplinary Urologic Oncology
Through my work at The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Center, I also provide patients with the ability to participate in newly developed, multi-disciplinary treatment plans. This team approach often involves several different types of cancer specialists and combinations of different treatments when appropriate. We work very closely with Radiation Oncologists, Medical Oncologists, Pathologists, and Radiologists from the Karmanos Cancer Institute to develop these multi-disciplinary plans. For example, a treatment plan may includine chemotherapy, radiation, and/or surgery.
Special Research Interests
We have a well-funded active basic science research program in the biology of prostate cancer metastasis. Our laboratory is actively involved in determining the biological factors responsible for prostate cancer metastasis to bone marrow because the bone marrow is the most common location for distant spread of prostate cancer. We developed an experimental model called "SCID-human model of human prostate cancer metastasis to human bone." This animal model has allowed us to investigate many of the biological factors involved in human prostate cancer cells interacting with the human bone microenvironment. In collaboration with other researchers at Wayne State University School of Medicine and The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, we have now published over 50 papers in this area of research. Many of our findings have become the basis for clinical trials in patients.
Narrative Bio
I am a urologist surgeon-scientist with significant experience in pre-clinical and clinical research. My commitment to cancer research is centered on studying the biology of bone metastasis. I have pursued this line of research for many years. This research involves collaborations with many other investigators at WSU/Karmanos and other institutions around the country. I also contribute to the conduct of multidisciplinary clinical trials and the training of residents, clinical fellows, medical students, post-docs, Ph.D. students, and international fellows. I have mentored many junior faculty members at WSU, and I have served as the primary advisor of a successful PhD student. My clinical population of patients includes men with all stages of prostate cancer and all other urologic malignancies.
Professional Experience
FACULTY APPOINTMENTS
7/92 – 7/95 Instructor, Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine
8/95-7/01 Assistant Professor, Departments of Urology and Pathology and the Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
7/01-12/05 Associate Professor, Departments of Urology and Pathology and the Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
1/02-12/05 Donald J. Jaffar, MD, Endowed Research Chair, Department of Urology, Wayne State University School of Medicine
1/06 – 8/06 Interim Chair, Department of Urology, Wayne State University School of Medicine
1/06 – present Professor, Departments of Urology, Pathology, and the Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine
1/06 – present Dorothy and Donald Jaffar Endowed Chair, Department of Urology, Wayne State University School of Medicine
9/06 – present Chair, Department of Urology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Wayne State University Physician Group Department of Urology
HOSPITAL OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS
7/92 - 7/95 Staff appointment, the hospitals of the University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine
8/95-present Staff appointment, The hospitals of the Detroit Medical Center
8/95-2/06 Staff Surgeon, Urology Section, The Detroit VA Medical Center
8/95-9/97 Director, Quantitative Image Processing Core Facility, Karmanos Cancer Institute of Wayne State University
1/04-present Director or Urologic Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine
1/04-present Member, Scientific Leadership Council, Karmanos Cancer Center
9/05-present Chief of Urology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Center
1/06 – 12/06 Urology Specialist-in-Chief, Detroit Medical Center
1/06 – present Medical Staff, Oakwood Hospital and Medical Center
11/07 – present Member, Clinical Leadership Council, The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Center
6/10 – present Member, Medical Staff Leadership Council, The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Center
Honors
- 10/08, 10/09, 10/10, 10/11, 10/12 Hour Magazine of Detroit, Urology “Top Doc”
- 5/06 Society of Urologic Oncology/CapCURE Award for one of best abstracts at AUA Meeting
- 1/02 Career Development Chair, Wayne State University
- 1/01 2000 President’s Achievement Award for Clinical Research, Karmanos Cancer Institute
- 4/00 2000 Society for Basic Urologic Research/Merck Young Investigator Award
- 1/00 Association for the Cure of Cancer of the Prostate (CaPCURE) Research Award
- 10/99 Pierre Fabre Medicament Prize, World Congress on Urological Research, Paris, France
- 3/98 1997 Karmanos Cancer Institute Performance Recognition Award
- 11/95 Association for the Cure of Cancer of the Prostate (CaPCURE) Research Award 4/95 Best Poster: Prostate Cancer Molecular Markers, American Urological Association
- 8/94 Second Place, Circon/ACMI Essay Contest, Western American Urological Association
- 10/90 First Prize, Residents’ Essay Contest, South Central American Urological Association2/92 Resident/Fellow Award of Excellence, Grand Teton Urologic Conference
- 4/90 First Prize, Residents’ Essay Contest, Texas Urological Society 7/89 National Kidney Foundation/American Foundation for Urologic Disease Resident Fellow
Publications
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
- Bernardo MM, Meng Y, Lockett J, Dyson G, Dombkowski A, Kaplun A, Li X, Yin S, Dzinic S, Olive M, Dean I, Krass D, Moin K, Bonfil RD, Cher M, Sakr W, Sheng S. Genes Cancer. 2011 Nov;2(11):1009-22.
- Conley-LaComb MK, Huang W, Wang S, Shi D, Jung YS, Najy A, Fridman R, Bonfil RD, Cher ML, Chen YQ, Kim HR. PTEN regulates PDGF ligand switch for β-PDGFR signaling in prostate cancer. Am J Pathol. 2012 Mar;180(3):1017-27. Epub 2011 Dec 28. PubMed PMID: 22209699.
- Najy AJ, Jung YS, Won JJ, Conley-Lacomb MK, Saliganan A, Kim CJ, Heath E, Cher ML, Bonfil RD, Kim HR. Cediranib inhibits both the intraosseous growth of PDGF D-Positive prostate cancer cells and the associated bone reaction. Prostate. 2011 Dec 27. doi: 10.1002/pros.22481. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 22213159.
- Kong D, Heath E, Chen W, Cher ML, Powell I, Heilbrun L, Li Y, Ali S, Sethi S, Hassan O, Hwang C, Gupta N, Chitale D, Sakr WA, Menon M, Sarkar FH. Loss of let-7 up-regulates EZH2 in prostate cancer consistent with the acquisition of cancer stem cell signatures that are attenuated by BR-DIM. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e33729. Epub 2012 Mar 19. PubMed PMID: 22442719; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3307758.
- Kong D, Heath E, Chen W, Cher M, Powell I, Heilbrun L, Li Y, Ali S, Sethi S, Hassan O, Hwang C, Gupta N, Chitale D, Sakr WA, Menon M, Sarkar FH. Epigenetic silencing of miR-34a in human prostate cancer cells and tumor tissue specimens can be reversed by BR-DIM treatment. Am J Transl Res. 2012;4(1):14-23. Epub 2012 Jan 5. PubMed PMID: 22347519; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3275434.
- Huang W, Fridman Y, Bonfil RD, Ustach CV, Conley-Lacomb MK, Wiesner C, Saliganan A, Cher ML, Kim HR. A novel function for platelet-derived growth factor D: induction of osteoclastic differentiation for intraosseous tumor growth. Oncogene. 2011 Dec 12. doi: 10.1038/onc.2011.573. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 22158043.Dhar N, Ward JF, Cher ML, Jones JS. Primary full-gland prostate cryoablation in older men (> age of 75 years): results from 860 patients tracked with the COLD Registry. BJU Int. 2011 Aug;108(4):508-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10238.x. Epub 2011 Jul 1. PubMed PMID: 21722288.
- Ahmad IU, Forman JD, Sarkar FH, Hillman GG, Heath E, Vaishampayan U, Cher ML, Andic F, Rossi PJ, Kucuk O. Soy isoflavones in conjunction with radiation therapy in patients with prostate cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2010;62(7):996-1000. PubMed PMID: 20924975.
- Cai J, Kandagatla P, Singareddy R, Kropinski A, Sheng S, Cher ML, Chinni SR. Androgens Induce Functional CXCR4 through ERG Factor Expression in TMPRSS2-ERG Fusion-Positive Prostate Cancer Cells. Transl Oncol. 2010 Jun 1;3(3):195-203. PubMed PMID: 20563261; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2887649.
- Sabbota AL, Kim HR, Zhe X, Fridman R, Bonfil RD, Cher ML. Shedding of RANKL by Tumor-Associated MT1-MMP Activates Src-dependent Prostate Cancer Cell Migration. Cancer Res. 2010 Jul 1;70(13):5558-66. Epub 2010 Jun 15
- Vaishampayan UN, Marur S, Heilbrun LK, Cher ML, Dickow B, Smith DW, Al Hasan SA, Eliason J. Phase II Trial of Capecitabine and Weekly Docetaxel for Metastatic Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer. J Urol 182: 317-23, 2009.
- Wiesner C, Nabha SM, Dos Santos EB, Yamamoto H, Meng H, Melchior SW, Bittinger F, Throff JW, Vessella RL, Cher ML, Bonfil RD. C-Kit and Its Ligand Stem Cell Factor: Potential Contribution to Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis. Neoplasia 10(9):996-1003, 2008.
- Kong D, Wang Z, Sarkar SH, Li Y, Banerjee S, Saliganan A, Kim HR, Cher ML, Sarkar FH. PDGF-D over-Expression Contributes to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells. Stem Cells 26(6):1425-35, 2008.
- Dong Z, Saliganan AD, Meng H, Nabha SM, Sabbota AL, Sheng S, Bonfil RD, Cher ML. Prostate Cancer Cell-Derived Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Contributes to Intraosseous tumor Growth and Bone Turnover. Neoplasia 10: 439-449, 2008.
- Nabha SM, Burck dos Santos E, Yamamoto HA, Belizi A, Dong Z, Meng H, Saliganan A, Sabbota A, Bonfil RD, Cher ML. Bone marrow stromal cells enhance prostate cancer cell invasion through type I collagen in an MMP-12 dependent manner. Int. J. Cancer 122: 2482 - 2490, 2008.
- Chinni SR, Sivalogan S, Yamamoto H, Dong Z, Sabbota A, Bonfil RD, Cher ML. CXCL12/CXCR4 Trans-Activates HER2 in Lipid Rafts of Prostate Cancer Cells and Promotes Growth of Metastatic Deposits in Bone. Molecular Cancer Research 6:446-57, 2008.
- Vaishampayan U, Hussain M, Banerjee M, Seren S, Sarkar FH, Fontana J, Forman JD, Cher ML, Powell IJ, Pontes JE, Kucuk O. Lycopene and Soy Isoflavones in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer. Nutrition and Cancer 59:1-7, 2007.
- Bonfil RD, Dong Z, Trindade Filho JC, Osenkowski P, Nabha S, Yamamoto H, Sabbota A, Chinni SR, Zhao H, Vessella R, Fridman R, Cher ML. Prostate Cancer-Associated Membrane Type 1-Matrix Metalloproteinase: A Pivotal Role in Bone Response and Intraosseous Tumor Growth. Am J Pathol. 170(6):2100-11, 2007.
- Wiesner C, Bonfil RD, Dong Z, Yamamoto H, Nabha SM, Meng H, Saliganan A, Sabbota A, Cher ML. Heterogeneous Activation of MMP-9 Due to Prostate Cancer-Bone Interaction. Urology 69: 795-99, 2007.
- Banerjee S, Hussain M, Wang Z, Saligana A, Che M, Bonfil D, Cher M, Sarkar FH. In vitro and In vivo Molecular Evidence for Better Therapeutic Efficacy of ABT-627 and Taxotere Combination in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 67:3818-26, 2007.
- Yamamoto H, Bonfil RD, Wiesner C, Nabha S, Dong Z, Meng H, Saliganan A, Sabbota A, Chinni SR, Cher ML. Quantitative Assessment of Small Intraosseous Prostate Cancer Burden in SCID Mice by Fluorescence Imaging. Prostate 67:107-14, 2007.
- Nabha SM, Bonfil RD, Yamamoto HA, Belizi A, Wiesner C, Dong Z, Cher ML. Host matrix metalloproteinase-9 contributes to tumor vascularization without affecting tumor growth in a model of prostate cancer bone metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 23: 335-344, 2006.
- Deng X, Bhagat S, Dong Z, Mullins C, Chinni SR, Cher ML. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and confers increased sensitivity to paclitaxel. Eur J Cancer 42(18):3267-73, 2006.
- Yin S, Lockett J, Meng Y, Biliran H Jr, Blouse GE, Li X, Reddy N, Zhao Z, Lin X, Anagli J, Cher ML, Sheng S. Maspin retards cell detachment via a novel interaction with the urokinase-type plasminogen activator/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor system. Cancer Res Apr 15;66(8):4173-81, 2006.
- Li Y, Kucuk O, Hussain M, Abrams J, Cher ML, Sarkar FH. Anti-tumor and anti-metastatic activities of docetaxel are enhanced by genistein through regulation of OPG/RANK/RANKLigand/MMP-9 signaling in prostate cancer. Cancer Research 66: 4816-25, 2006.
- Chinni SR, Sivalogan S, Dong Z, Filho JC, Deng X, Bonfil RD, Cher ML. CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling activates Akt-1 and MMP-9 expression in prostate cancer cells: The role of bone microenvironment-associated CXCL12. Prostate 66:32-48, 2006.
- Bonfil RD, Sabbota A, Nabha S, Bernardo MM, Dong Z, Meng H, Yamamoto H Chinni SR, Lim IT, Chang M, Filetti LC, Mobashery S, Cher ML, Fridman R. Inhibition of human prostate cancer growth, osteolysis and angiogenesis in a bone metastasis model by a novel mechanism-based selective gelatinase inhibitor. Int J Cancer 118:2721-26, 2006.
- Fromont G, Valeri a, Cher ML, Pontes JE, Vallancien G, Valdire P, Latil A, Cussenot O. Allelic loss at 16q23.2 is associated with good prognosis in high grade prostate cancer. Prostate 65:341-6, 2005.
- Valeri A, Fromont G, Sakr W, Azzouzi R, Dey J, Chantrel-Groussard K, Latil A, Berthon P, Cussenot O, Pontes JE , Cher ML. High frequency of allelic losses in high grade prostate cancer is associated with biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy. Urologic Oncology. 2005; 23: 87-92.
- Sloane BF, Yan S, Podgorski I, Linebaugh BE, Cher ML, Mai J, Cavallo-Medved D, Sameni M, Dosescu J, Moin K. Cathepsin B and tumor proteolysis: contribution of the tumor microenvironment. Semin Cancer Biol. Apr 2005;15(2):149-157.
- Podgorski I, Linebaugh BE, Sameni M, Jedeszko C, Bhagat S, Cher ML, Sloane BF. Bone microenvironment modulates expression and activity of cathepsin B in prostate cancer. Neoplasia. Mar 2005;7(3):207-223.
- Dong Z, Bonfil RD, Chinni S, Deng X, Trindade Filho JC, Bernardo M, Vaishampayan U, Che M, Sloane BF, Sheng S, Fridman R, Cher ML. Matrix metalloproteinase activity and osteoclasts in experimental prostate cancer bone metastasis tissue. Am J Pathol. Apr 2005;166(4):1173-1186.
- Ustach CV, Taube ME, Hurst NJ, Jr., Bhagat S, Bonfil RD, Cher ML, Schuger L, Kim HR. A potential oncogenic activity of platelet-derived growth factor d in prostate cancer progression. Cancer Res. Mar 1 2004;64(5):1722-1729.
- Scharovsky OG, Binda MM, Rozados VR, Bhagat S, Cher ML, Bonfil RD. Angiogenic and antiangiogenic balance regulates concomitant antitumoral resistance. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2004;21(2):177-183.
- Rotenberg RG, Rozas NS, Guerri L, Cher ML, Gamboni M, Lema N, Bonfil RD. Elevated levels of angiostatin in effusions from patients with malignant disease. Oncol Rep. Feb 2004;11(2):523-528.
- Li Y, Che M, Bhagat S, Ellis KL, Kucuk O, Doerge DR, Abrams J, Cher ML, Sarkar FH. Regulation of gene expression and inhibition of experimental prostate cancer bone metastasis by dietary genistein. Neoplasia. Jul-Aug 2004;6(4):354-363.
- Nie D, Nemeth J, Qiao Y, Zacharek A, Li L, Hanna K, Tang K, Hillman GG, Cher ML, Grignon DJ, Honn KV. Increased metastatic potential in human prostate carcinoma cells by overexpression of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2003;20(7):657-663.
- Nemeth JA, Cher ML, Zhou Z, Mullins C, Bhagat S, Trikha M. Inhibition of alpha(v)beta3 integrin reduces angiogenesis, bone turnover, and tumor cell proliferation in experimental prostate cancer bone metastases. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2003;20(5):413-420.
- Cher ML, Biliran HR, Jr., Bhagat S, Meng Y, Che M, Lockett J, Abrams J, Fridman R, Zachareas M, Sheng S. Maspin expression inhibits osteolysis, tumor growth, and angiogenesis in a model of prostate cancer bone metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Jun 24 2003;100(13):7847-7852.
- Bianco FJ, Jr., Wood DP, Jr., Cher ML, Powell IJ, Souza JW, Pontes JE. Ten-year survival after radical prostatectomy: specimen Gleason score is the predictor in organ-confined prostate cancer. Clin Prostate Cancer. Mar 2003;1(4):242-247.
REVIEW ARTICLES
- Bonfil RD, Osenkowki P, Fridman R, Cher ML: Matrix Metalloproteinases And Bone Metastasis. In Keller ET and Chung LW (eds), The Biology of Skeletal Metastases, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA. 2004. p 173-96.
- Cher ML, Nemeth JA: The Bone Microenvironment. In: American Cancer Society Atlas of Clinical Oncology: Prostate Cancer. Ed: Carroll PR, Grossfeld GD, 2002.
- Nemeth JA, Cher ML: Biology of prostate cancer bone marrow metastasis. In: Advances in Oncobiology, Vol. 3: The Oncobiology of the Prostate. Ed: Wood DP and Honn KV, 1999.
- Cher ML, Harb JF, Nemeth JA: Animal model systems for the study of prostate cancer. In: Advances in Oncobiology, Vol. 3: The Oncobiology of the Prostate. Ed: Wood DP and Honn KV, 1999.
- Aboseif SR, Cher ML, Carroll PR: Neobladder Development. In: New Techniques in Reconstructive Urology. Ed: McAninch JW, 1995.
- Cher ML, Carroll PR: Continent Urinary Diversion. In: Reconstructive Urology. Eds: McAninch J, 1996.
- Cher ML, Carroll PR, Small EJ, Shinohara K: Neoadjuvant androgen deprivation before radical prostatectomy: current status and trial design. In: Prostate Cancer. Eds: Dawson N, Vogelzang N, p 175-183, 1994.
- Cher ML, Carroll PR: Surgical anatomy of the bladder. In: Principles and Practice of Genitourinary Oncology. Eds: Raghavan D, Scher HI, Leibel SA and Lange PH, 1997.
- Allen TD, Cher ML, Ewalt DH: Enterocystoplasty without bladder neck surgery for patients with neurogenic bladders resulting from myelodysplasia. In: Societe Internationale d'Urologie Reports, Pediatric Urology, 1994.
- Cher ML, Roehrborn CR: Incorporation of intestinal segments into the urinary tract. In: Societe Internationale d'Urologie Reports, Continent Urinary Diversion. Eds: Hohenfellner R, Wammack R, 1992.
BOOKS AND CHAPTERS
- Zhe X, Cher ML, Bonfil RD. Circulating tumor cells: finding the needle in the haystack. Am J Cancer Res. 2011;1(6):740-51. Epub 2011 Jun 1. PubMed PM
- Bonfil RD, Cher ML. The role of proteolytic enzymes in metastatic bone disease. IBMS BoneKEy. 2011 January;8(1):16-36
- Bonfil RD, Fridman R, Mobashery S, Cher ML. Are matrix metalloproteinases relevant therapeutic targets for prostate cancer bone metastasis? Curr Oncol 15:188-92, 2008.
- Bonfil RD, Chinni S, Fridman R, Kim HR, Cher ML. Proteases, Growth Factors, Chemokines, and the Microenvironment in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis. Urol Oncol 25:407-11, 2007.
- Cher ML, Towler DA, Rafii S, Rowley D, Donahue HJ, Keller E, Herlyn M, Cho EA, Chung LW. Cancer interaction with the bone microenvironment: a workshop of the National Institutes of Health Tumor Microenvironment Study Section. Am J Pathol 168(5):1405-12, 2006.
- Bonfil RD, Osenkowski P, Fridman R, Cher ML. Matrix metalloproteinases and bone metastasis. Cancer Treat Res. 2004;118:173-195.
- Mohla S, Weilbacher KN, Cher ML, Oyajobi BO, Poznak CV, Clohisy DR. Third North American Symposium on Skeletal Complications of Malignancy: summary of the scientific sessions. Cancer. Feb 1 2003;97(3 Suppl):719-725.
- Narain V, Cher ML, Wood DP, Jr. Prostate cancer diagnosis, staging and survival. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2002;21(1):17-27.
- Cher ML. Mechanisms governing bone metastasis in prostate cancer. Curr Opin Urol. Sep 2001;11(5):483-488.
- Hillman GG, Triest JA, Cher ML, Kocheril SV, Talati BR. Prospects of immunotherapy for the treatment of prostate carcinoma--a review. Cancer Detect Prev. 1999;23(4):333-342.
- Honn KV, Aref A, Chen YQ, Cher ML, Crissman JD, Forman JD, Gao X, Grignon D, Hussain M, Porter AT, Pontes EJ, Powell II, Redman B, Sakr W, Severson R, Tang DG, Wood DP, Jr. Prostate Cancer - Old Problems and New Approaches. (Part II. Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers, Pathology and Biological Aspects). Pathol Oncol Res. 1996;2(3):191-211.
- Honn KV, Aref A, Chen YQ, Cher ML, Crissman JD, Forman JD, Gao X, Grignon D, Hussain M, Porter AT, Pontes JE, Powell II, Redman B, Sakr W, Severson R, Tang DG, Wood DP, Jr. Prostate Cancer Old Problems and New Approaches. Part III. Prevention and Treatment. Pathol Oncol Res. 1996;2(4):276-292.
- Cher ML, Carroll PR. Screening for prostate cancer. West J Med. Mar 1995;162(3):235-242.
- Cher ML, Carroll PR. Screening for prostate cancer. West J Med. Mar 1994;160(3):250.